# sources

title: ifsa-network.com: Climate risk and the insurance industry can traditional models survive
node_name: Insurance Actuarial Non-Stationarity Crisis
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://ifsa-network.com/publications/climate-risk-and-the-insurance-industry-can-traditional-models-survive/


title: riskandinsurance.com: Natural disasters cost global economy 417 billion in 2024 gallagher re
node_name: Climate Protection Gap Structural Mechanism
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://riskandinsurance.com/natural-disasters-cost-global-economy-417-billion-in-2024-gallagher-re/


title: swissre.com: Sigma 2025 01 natural catastrophes trend
node_name: Climate Protection Gap Structural Mechanism
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.swissre.com/institute/research/sigma-research/sigma-2025-01-natural-catastrophes-trend.html


node_name: Climate Protection Gap Structural Mechanism
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.wtwco.com/en-us/news/2025/01/with-2024-the-first-year-to-exceed-1-point-5-degree-celcius-warming-the-insurance-protection-gap

title:
wtwco.com: With 2024 the first year to exceed 1 point 5 degree celcius warming the insurance protection gap


title: genre.com: Secondary peril events are becoming primary en
node_name: Severe Convective Storm Insurance Repricing Shock
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.genre.com/us/knowledge/publications/2024/august/secondary-peril-events-are-becoming-primary-en


title: munichre.com: Losses from non peak perils are on the rise
node_name: Severe Convective Storm Insurance Repricing Shock
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.munichre.com/en/risks/natural-disasters/losses-from-non-peak-perils-are-on-the-rise.html


title: independent.org: Why californias homeowners insurance market collapsed and how to fix it
node_name: FAIR Plan Fiscal Overflow Trap
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.independent.org/article/2025/05/12/why-californias-homeowners-insurance-market-collapsed-and-how-to-fix-it/


node_name: FAIR Plan Fiscal Overflow Trap
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://stateline.org/2025/10/24/californias-last-resort-property-insurer-seeks-rate-hike-ringing-national-alarm-bells/

title:
stateline.org: Californias last resort property insurer seeks rate hike ringing national alarm bells


node_name: Climate-Mortgage-Property Doom Loop
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://yalelawjournal.org/essay/the-uninsurable-future-the-climate-threat-to-property-insurance-and-how-to-stop-it

title:
yalelawjournal.org: The uninsurable future the climate threat to property insurance and how to stop it


title: cnbc.com: Insurance catastrophe bond sales hit fresh record amid climate crisis
node_name: Catastrophe Bond Market Structural Limits
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.cnbc.com/2025/07/30/insurance-catastrophe-bond-sales-hit-fresh-record-amid-climate-crisis.html


title: swissre.com: 2024 02 sr ILS market insights feb 2024
node_name: Catastrophe Bond Market Structural Limits
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.swissre.com/dam/jcr:bb189e59-a15f-49df-a250-07b2c6b2d9bd/2024-02-sr-ILS-market-insights-feb-2024.pdf


title: worldwildlife.org: Escalating extreme weather risks push us insurance system to breaking point
node_name: Adverse Selection Insurance Death Spiral
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.worldwildlife.org/news/press-releases/escalating-extreme-weather-risks-push-us-insurance-system-to-breaking-point/


title: libertymutualre.com: Balancing capacity and demand in property retro markets 2025 outlook
node_name: Retrocession Trapped Capital Cascade
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.libertymutualre.com/article/balancing-capacity-and-demand-in-property-retro-markets-2025-outlook


title: global.lockton.com: Retrocession rates reflect nat cat pressure in insurance sector
node_name: Retrocession Trapped Capital Cascade
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://global.lockton.com/gb/en/news-insights/retrocession-rates-reflect-nat-cat-pressure-in-insurance-sector


node_name: NFIP Hyperclustering Insolvency Mechanism
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.sra.org/2025/11/30/research-sheds-light-on-why-the-national-flood-insurance-program-is-22-billion-in-debt-and-how-it-could-be-reformed/

title:
sra.org: Research sheds light on why the national flood insurance program is 22 billion in debt and how it could be reformed


node_name: NFIP Hyperclustering Insolvency Mechanism
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.preventionweb.net/news/research-sheds-light-why-national-flood-insurance-program-22-billion-debt-and-how-it-could-be

title:
preventionweb.net: Research sheds light why national flood insurance program 22 billion debt and how it could be


title: ecb.europa.eu: Ecb.mpbu202511 04.en
node_name: GSE Mortgage Book Climate Concentration Risk
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.ecb.europa.eu/press/financial-stability-publications/macroprudential-bulletin/html/ecb.mpbu202511_04.en.html


node_name: Supply Chain Business Interruption Insurance Collapse
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://riskandinsurance.com/how-climate-change-and-supply-chain-chaos-are-driving-the-need-for-better-business-interruption-coverage/

title:
riskandinsurance.com: How climate change and supply chain chaos are driving the need for better business interruption coverage


title: sei.org: Insurance reinsurance supply chains sei2026 002 corr
node_name: Supply Chain Business Interruption Insurance Collapse
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/insurance-reinsurance-supply-chains-sei2026-002-corr.pdf


title: lloyds.com: Lloyds new data tool highlights vulnerability of the global economy to extreme weather
node_name: Emerging Market Insurance Desert
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.lloyds.com/about-lloyds/media-centre/press-releases/lloyds-new-data-tool-highlights-vulnerability-of-the-global-economy-to-extreme-weather


node_name: Emerging Market Insurance Desert
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://greencentralbanking.com/2025/08/20/climate-spillover-effects-for-reinsurance-should-concern-regulators-say-experts/

title:
greencentralbanking.com: Climate spillover effects for reinsurance should concern regulators say experts


title: sei.org: Climate risks to insurance and reinsurance of global supply chains
node_name: Emerging Market Insurance Desert
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.sei.org/about-sei/press-room/climate-risks-to-insurance-and-reinsurance-of-global-supply-chains/


node_name: Climate Greenwashing D&O Liability Insurance Gap
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.klgates.com/Current-Trends-in-Climate-Change-Litigation-A-Snapshot-of-Risk-and-Insurance-Considerations-1-14-2026

title:
klgates.com: Current Trends in Climate Change Litigation A Snapshot of Risk and Insurance Considerations 1 14 2026


title: commercial.allianz.com: Directors and officers insurance insights 2026
node_name: Climate Greenwashing D&O Liability Insurance Gap
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://commercial.allianz.com/news-and-insights/news/directors-and-officers-insurance-insights-2026.html


title: ewg.org: Crop insurance pays farmers billions dollars weather related losses closely linked climate
node_name: Federal Crop Insurance Climate Moral Hazard Trap
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.ewg.org/research/crop-insurance-pays-farmers-billions-dollars-weather-related-losses-closely-linked-climate


title: civileats.com: How crop insurance prevents some farmers from adapting to climate change
node_name: Federal Crop Insurance Climate Moral Hazard Trap
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://civileats.com/2023/09/20/how-crop-insurance-prevents-some-farmers-from-adapting-to-climate-change/


title: ers.usda.gov: Climate change projected to increase cost of the federal crop insurance program
node_name: Federal Crop Insurance Climate Moral Hazard Trap
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.ers.usda.gov/amber-waves/2019/november/climate-change-projected-to-increase-cost-of-the-federal-crop-insurance-program/


title: reclaimfinance.org: Lloyds of london esg insurer revealed to be backing fossil fuel expansion
node_name: Lloyd's Fossil Fuel Underwriting Contradiction
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://reclaimfinance.org/site/en/2025/12/11/lloyds-of-london-esg-insurer-revealed-to-be-backing-fossil-fuel-expansion/


title: global.insure-our-future.com: Lloyds of londons booming fossil fuel business bucks market trend
node_name: Lloyd's Fossil Fuel Underwriting Contradiction
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://global.insure-our-future.com/lloyds-of-londons-booming-fossil-fuel-business-bucks-market-trend/


title: reclaimfinance.org: Lloyds of londons the insurance market for fossil fuels
node_name: Lloyd's Fossil Fuel Underwriting Contradiction
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://reclaimfinance.org/site/en/2024/10/09/lloyds-of-londons-the-insurance-market-for-fossil-fuels/


title: yaleclimateconnections.org: How big insurances investment in fossil fuels came back to bite it
node_name: Insurance Fossil Fuel Portfolio Double Materiality Trap
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://yaleclimateconnections.org/2025/01/how-big-insurances-investment-in-fossil-fuels-came-back-to-bite-it/


title: ceres.org: Assets or liabilities fossil fuel investments leading us insurers
node_name: Insurance Fossil Fuel Portfolio Double Materiality Trap
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.ceres.org/resources/reports/assets-or-liabilities-fossil-fuel-investments-leading-us-insurers


title: conexusinsurance.com: Social inflation nuclear verdicts colorado liability 2025
node_name: Nuclear Verdict Social Inflation Climate Compound
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://conexusinsurance.com/commercial-insurance/social-inflation-nuclear-verdicts-colorado-liability-2025/


title: marsh.com: Increases in extreme heat related workers compensation claims
node_name: Workers Compensation Extreme Heat Captive Exposure
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.marsh.com/en/services/risk-advisory/insights/increases-in-extreme-heat-related-workers-compensation-claims.html


node_name: Solvency II Climate ORSA Regulatory Divide
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://research-center.amundi.com/article/navigating-climate-risk-solvency-ii-revision-stress-tests-and-strategic-adaptation

title:
research-center.amundi.com: Navigating climate risk solvency ii revision stress tests and strategic adaptation


node_name: Reinsurance Soft Market Discipline Erosion Cycle
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.reinsurancene.ws/climate-change-could-drive-reinsurance-volume-but-softening-a-more-immediate-threat-morningstar/

title:
reinsurancene.ws: Climate change could drive reinsurance volume but softening a more immediate threat morningstar


title: news.mongabay.com: Science lays out framework to assess climate liability of fossil fuel majors
node_name: Climate Attribution Litigation Insurance Recovery Mechanism
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://news.mongabay.com/2025/05/science-lays-out-framework-to-assess-climate-liability-of-fossil-fuel-majors/


title: newamerica.org: Climate gentrification is spreading receiving cities can fight back
node_name: Climate Gentrification Insurance Displacement Mechanism
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.newamerica.org/future-land-housing/blog/climate-gentrification-is-spreading-receiving-cities-can-fight-back/


node_name: NAIC RBC Climate Disclosure-Reform Gap
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.sidley.com/en/insights/newsupdates/2025/12/regulatory-update-national-association-of-insurance-commissioners-fall-2025-national-meeting

title:
sidley.com: Regulatory update national association of insurance commissioners fall 2025 national meeting


title: ajg.com: Briefing naic climate scenario analysis requirement
node_name: NAIC RBC Climate Disclosure-Reform Gap
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.ajg.com/gallagherre/news-and-insights/briefing-naic-climate-scenario-analysis-requirement/


node_name: NAIC RBC Climate Disclosure-Reform Gap
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://datamatters.sidley.com/2026/04/14/regulatory-update-national-association-of-insurance-commissioners-spring-2026-national-meeting/

title:
datamatters.sidley.com: Regulatory update national association of insurance commissioners spring 2026 national meeting


title: business.columbia.edu: Florida homeowners insurance crisis climate change taxpayer burden
node_name: Demotech-GSE Rating Cascade Mechanism
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://business.columbia.edu/research-brief/florida-homeowners-insurance-crisis-climate-change-taxpayer-burden


node_name: Climate-Municipal Bond Doom Loop
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.bondbuyer.com/opinion/property-insurance-a-direct-link-between-climate-risk-and-municipal-bond-creditworthiness

title:
bondbuyer.com: Property insurance a direct link between climate risk and municipal bond creditworthiness


node_name: Climate-Municipal Bond Doom Loop
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.theenergymix.com/not-if-but-when-cities-face-rising-climate-risk-as-downgrade-jolts-u-s-municipal-bonds/

title:
theenergymix.com: Not if but when cities face rising climate risk as downgrade jolts u s municipal bonds


title: wtwco.com: Enhancing disaster resilience addressing basis risk in parametric insurance
node_name: Parametric Insurance Basis Risk Trap
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.wtwco.com/en-us/insights/2023/12/enhancing-disaster-resilience-addressing-basis-risk-in-parametric-insurance


title: ccrif.org: Brief on CCRIFSPC July2024 RevisedApril2025
node_name: Sovereign Parametric Risk Pool Architecture
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.ccrif.org/sites/default/files/publications/technical-materials/Brief-on-CCRIFSPC-July2024-RevisedApril2025.pdf


node_name: Sovereign Parametric Risk Pool Architecture
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.preventionweb.net/news/developing-new-parametric-insurance-models-caribbean-and-central-american-countries

title:
preventionweb.net: Developing new parametric insurance models caribbean and central american countries


title: cadwalader.com: Large insurance companies leave net zero insurance alliance
node_name: NZIA Antitrust Weaponization Mechanism
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.cadwalader.com/resources/articles/large-insurance-companies-leave-net-zero-insurance-alliance


title: esgdive.com: 714598
node_name: NZIA Antitrust Weaponization Mechanism
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.esgdive.com/news/net-zero-insurance-alliance-disbands-rebrands-forum-insurance-transition-net-zero/714598/


title: reinsurancene.ws: Republican ags pen critical letter to nzia members conveying legal concerns
node_name: NZIA Antitrust Weaponization Mechanism
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.reinsurancene.ws/republican-ags-pen-critical-letter-to-nzia-members-conveying-legal-concerns/


title: hoganlovells.com: Trends and developments in global climate litigation a guide for insurers
node_name: Climate Attribution Science Liability Insurance Transformation
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.hoganlovells.com/en/publications/trends-and-developments-in-global-climate-litigation-a-guide-for-insurers


title: cjp.eli.org: Applying attribution impacts climate attribution science tort litigation
node_name: Climate Attribution Science Liability Insurance Transformation
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://cjp.eli.org/curriculum/applying-attribution-impacts-climate-attribution-science-tort-litigation


node_name: Sovereign Parametric Insurance Architecture Limitations
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.artemis.bm/news/parametric-sovereign-risk-pools-to-explore-joint-reinsurance-facility-capital-markets-access/

title:
artemis.bm: Parametric sovereign risk pools to explore joint reinsurance facility capital markets access


node_name: Federal Crop Insurance Climate Actuarial Trap
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.ers.usda.gov/amber-waves/2019/november/climate-change-projected-to-increase-cost-of-the-federal-crop-insurance-program-due-to-greater-insured-value-and-yield-variability

title:
ers.usda.gov: Climate change projected to increase cost of the federal crop insurance program due to greater insured value and yield variability


title: farmdocdaily.illinois.edu: The dilemma of actuarial soundness a legislative history
node_name: Federal Crop Insurance Climate Actuarial Trap
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://farmdocdaily.illinois.edu/2024/04/the-dilemma-of-actuarial-soundness-a-legislative-history.html


title: scientificamerican.com: Extreme heat is the biggest threat to insurers and businesses
node_name: Workers Compensation Extreme Heat Actuarial Disruption
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/extreme-heat-is-the-biggest-threat-to-insurers-and-businesses/


title: healthesystems.com: Extreme weather how climate change impacts workers and workers compensation
node_name: Workers Compensation Extreme Heat Actuarial Disruption
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://healthesystems.com/rxi-articles/extreme-weather-how-climate-change-impacts-workers-and-workers-compensation/


title: riskandinsurance.com: Liability claims crisis non economic inflation reshapes insurance markets
node_name: Social Inflation Nuclear Verdict Spiral
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://riskandinsurance.com/liability-claims-crisis-non-economic-inflation-reshapes-insurance-markets/


title: oliverwyman.com: Analysis systemic risk bermuda long term insurance
node_name: Bermuda Offshore Life Reserve Regulatory Arbitrage
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.oliverwyman.com/our-expertise/insights/2025/jun/analysis-systemic-risk-bermuda-long-term-insurance.html


title: insurancebusinessmag.com: A third of the worlds reinsurance capital is now in the bermuda 528757
node_name: Bermuda Offshore Life Reserve Regulatory Arbitrage
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.insurancebusinessmag.com/reinsurance/news/breaking-news/a-third-of-the-worlds-reinsurance-capital-is-now-in-the-bermuda-528757.aspx


title: weforum.org: What is parametric insurance and how is it building climate resilience
node_name: Parametric Insurance Non-Stationarity Trap
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.weforum.org/stories/2025/01/what-is-parametric-insurance-and-how-is-it-building-climate-resilience/


title: artemis.bm: Property aggregate reinsurance re emerges amid expanding market capacity gallagher re
node_name: 2023 Reinsurance Attachment Point Reset
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.artemis.bm/news/property-aggregate-reinsurance-re-emerges-amid-expanding-market-capacity-gallagher-re/


title: reinsurancene.ws: Travelers drops agg reinsurance cover raises per occurrence attachment
node_name: 2023 Reinsurance Attachment Point Reset
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.reinsurancene.ws/travelers-drops-agg-reinsurance-cover-raises-per-occurrence-attachment/


node_name: 2023 Reinsurance Attachment Point Reset
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.theinsurer.com/ti/news/reinsurers-to-focus-on-retention-discipline-as-us-property-treaty-pricing-2025-10-05/

title:
theinsurer.com: Reinsurers to focus on retention discipline as us property treaty pricing 2025 10 05


title: preventionweb.net: Wrong model resilience how g7 backed drought insurance
node_name: Parametric Insurance Basis Risk Architecture
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.preventionweb.net/publication/documents-and-publications/wrong-model-resilience-how-g7-backed-drought-insurance


title: ar.casact.org: Indexing the future the rise of parametric insurance and its expanding ecosystem
node_name: Parametric Insurance Basis Risk Architecture
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://ar.casact.org/indexing-the-future-the-rise-of-parametric-insurance-and-its-expanding-ecosystem/


title: iied.org: Vulnerable island nations turning pricey private debt climate disasters escalate
node_name: SIDS Climate Insurance Sovereign Debt Trap
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.iied.org/vulnerable-island-nations-turning-pricey-private-debt-climate-disasters-escalate


node_name: Solvency II-NAIC Climate Regulatory Divergence
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://shareaction.org/news/seven-recommendations-to-make-the-eu-insurance-framework-solvency-ii-more-sustainable

title:
shareaction.org: Seven recommendations to make the eu insurance framework solvency ii more sustainable


title: anthropocenefii.org: What the catastrophe bond market could be telling us about climate risk
node_name: Cat Bond ILS Climate Pricing Cycle Risk
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://anthropocenefii.org/climate-risk-pricing/what-the-catastrophe-bond-market-could-be-telling-us-about-climate-risk


title: theinsurer.com: Too hot to insure climate change pushing insurability to tipping point 2025 06 10
node_name: BIS Insurability Tipping Point Geography
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.theinsurer.com/ti/viewpoint/too-hot-to-insure-climate-change-pushing-insurability-to-tipping-point-2025-06-10/


node_name: BIS Insurability Tipping Point Geography
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://greencentralbanking.com/2025/11/10/insurance-gap-driven-by-climate-change-threatens-financial-stability-says-wwf/

title:
greencentralbanking.com: Insurance gap driven by climate change threatens financial stability says wwf


title: McKinsey: Reducing climate related property risk with ai
node_name: AI Risk Stratification Insurance Adverse Selection Amplifier
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/financial-services/our-insights/reducing-climate-related-property-risk-with-ai


title: wtwco.com: Directors and officers d and o liability a look ahead to 2026
node_name: Climate D&O Liability Double Bind
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.wtwco.com/en-us/insights/2026/02/directors-and-officers-d-and-o-liability-a-look-ahead-to-2026


title: hoganlovells.com: Key risk trends for directors and officers in 2025 and beyond
node_name: Climate D&O Liability Double Bind
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.hoganlovells.com/en/publications/key-risk-trends-for-directors-and-officers-in-2025-and-beyond


title: spglobal.com: Apac 2026 insurance outlook insurers face geopolitical catastrophe ai risks 96218077
node_name: APAC Insurance Structural Penetration Gap
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.spglobal.com/market-intelligence/en/news-insights/articles/2026/1/apac-2026-insurance-outlook-insurers-face-geopolitical-catastrophe-ai-risks-96218077


title: aoshearman.com: Esg trends in the us navigating fragmentation backlash and energy security
node_name: Climate Insurance Regulatory Arbitrage Fragmentation
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.aoshearman.com/en/insights/sustainability-outlook-2026/esg-trends-in-the-us-navigating-fragmentation-backlash-and-energy-security


node_name: Climate Insurance Regulatory Arbitrage Fragmentation
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.citizen.org/news/to-address-growing-climate-risk-regulators-must-mandate-net-zero-insurer-transition-planning/

title:
citizen.org: To address growing climate risk regulators must mandate net zero insurer transition planning


title: shelterforce.org: Lessons from redlining how we can prevent climate driven insurance discrimination
node_name: Bluelining Climate Insurance Discrimination Mechanism
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://shelterforce.org/2025/10/14/lessons-from-redlining-how-we-can-prevent-climate-driven-insurance-discrimination/


title: reinsurancene.ws: Climate risks expose re insurance protection gaps in global supply chains sei
node_name: Non-Damage Business Interruption Climate Coverage Cliff
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.reinsurancene.ws/climate-risks-expose-re-insurance-protection-gaps-in-global-supply-chains-sei/


title: commercial.allianz.com: Allianz risk barometer 2026 climate change
node_name: Non-Damage Business Interruption Climate Coverage Cliff
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://commercial.allianz.com/news-and-insights/expert-risk-articles/allianz-risk-barometer-2026-climate-change.html


title: swissre.com: Complex supply chains
node_name: Non-Damage Business Interruption Climate Coverage Cliff
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.swissre.com/institute/research/topics-and-risk-dialogues/economy-and-insurance-outlook/complex-supply-chains.html


title: stateline.org: Trump wants states to handle disasters without fema they say they cant
node_name: Climate Populist Insurance Deregulation Trap
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://stateline.org/2025/02/06/trump-wants-states-to-handle-disasters-without-fema-they-say-they-cant/


title: eenews.net: Trump gutted climate rules in 2025 he could make it permanent in 2026
node_name: Climate Populist Insurance Deregulation Trap
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.eenews.net/articles/trump-gutted-climate-rules-in-2025-he-could-make-it-permanent-in-2026/


node_name: Climate Populist Insurance Deregulation Trap
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.northcountrynow.com/premium/stacker/stories/fema-cuts-and-home-insurance-rates-how-a-shrinking-disaster-response-budget-could-hurt-your-budget

title:
northcountrynow.com: Fema cuts and home insurance rates how a shrinking disaster response budget could hurt your budget


title: insuranceerm.com: Apollo athene has created a bevy of imitators fuelling industry risk says acli
node_name: PE-Insurance Float Climate Liquidity Trap
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.insuranceerm.com/news-comment/apollo-athene-has-created-a-bevy-of-imitators-fuelling-industry-risk-says-acli.html


title: munichre.com: Extreme weather and underinsurance in china
node_name: China State Insurance Fiscal Absorption Gap
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.munichre.com/en/insights/natural-disaster-and-climate-change/extreme-weather-and-underinsurance-in-china.html


title: Bloomberg: China s economic slowdown limits catastrophe insurance options
node_name: China State Insurance Fiscal Absorption Gap
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2024-12-18/china-s-economic-slowdown-limits-catastrophe-insurance-options


title: ccci.berkeley.edu: Catastrophe insurance and resilience climate disasters guangdong china
node_name: China State Insurance Fiscal Absorption Gap
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://ccci.berkeley.edu/news/2024/10/catastrophe-insurance-and-resilience-climate-disasters-guangdong-china


node_name: Rate Regulation Anti-Reform Doom Loop
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.wshblaw.com/publication-repealing-proposition-103-the-key-to-restoring-stability-and-security-in-californias-insurance-market/

title:
wshblaw.com: Publication repealing proposition 103 the key to restoring stability and security in californias insurance market


node_name: Physical-Financial Tipping Point Cascade Simultaneity
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://greencentralbanking.com/2025/11/06/central-bankers-still-fail-to-account-for-climate-tipping-points-experts-say/

title:
greencentralbanking.com: Central bankers still fail to account for climate tipping points experts say


node_name: Physical-Financial Tipping Point Cascade Simultaneity
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://wattsupwiththat.com/2026/02/26/the-global-tipping-points-report-2025-part-8-financialization-of-climate-risk-and-systemic-consequences/

title:
wattsupwiththat.com: The global tipping points report 2025 part 8 financialization of climate risk and systemic consequences


title: greencentralbanking.com: Insurance losses from climate change could impact wider economy ecb warns
node_name: Climateflation Central Bank Trap
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://greencentralbanking.com/2025/06/09/insurance-losses-from-climate-change-could-impact-wider-economy-ecb-warns/


title: Bloomberg: Apollo s athene led private equity s move into pensions shifting risk offshore
node_name: PE-Insurance Float Climate Squeeze
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2025-11-17/apollo-s-athene-led-private-equity-s-move-into-pensions-shifting-risk-offshore


title: arctictoday.com: As arctic shipping routes open up insurers are grappling with many unknowns
node_name: Arctic Shipping Insurance Pricing Vacuum
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.arctictoday.com/as-arctic-shipping-routes-open-up-insurers-are-grappling-with-many-unknowns/


title: fao.org
node_name: Global Agricultural Uninsured Loss Cascade
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.fao.org/newsroom/detail/disasters-cost-global-agriculture--3.26-trillion-over-three-decades--fao-report-reveals/en


node_name: Global Agricultural Uninsured Loss Cascade
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://climateandsecurity.org/2025/08/review-climate-security-in-the-2025-state-of-food-security-and-nutrition-in-the-world-report/

title:
climateandsecurity.org: Review climate security in the 2025 state of food security and nutrition in the world report


title: preventionweb.net: Scaling crop insurance africa climate resilience and agricultural transformation
node_name: Global Agricultural Uninsured Loss Cascade
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.preventionweb.net/news/scaling-crop-insurance-africa-climate-resilience-and-agricultural-transformation


title: McKinsey: The future of ai in the insurance industry
node_name: AI Underwriting Self-Reinforcing Mispricing Loop
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/financial-services/our-insights/the-future-of-ai-in-the-insurance-industry


title: frontiersin.org
node_name: AI Underwriting Self-Reinforcing Mispricing Loop
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/artificial-intelligence/articles/10.3389/frai.2025.1568266/full


title: en.oninvest.com: When something bad happens apollo lowers risks in anticipation of turbulence
node_name: PE Insurance Float Climate Liquidity Cliff
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://en.oninvest.com/article/when-something-bad-happens-apollo-lowers-risks-in-anticipation-of-turbulence


node_name: PE Insurance Float Climate Liquidity Cliff
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.insurancebusinessmag.com/reinsurance/news/breaking-news/biltir-signals-continued-scrutiny-of-bermuda-life-reinsurance-asset-strategies-570913.aspx

title:
insurancebusinessmag.com: Biltir signals continued scrutiny of bermuda life reinsurance asset strategies 570913


title: skadden.com: Chapter 2 the bermuda prudential solvency regime
node_name: PE Insurance Float Climate Liquidity Cliff
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.skadden.com/insights/publications/2025/03/chapter-2-the-bermuda-prudential-solvency-regime


title: artemis.bm: Florida retirement system pension grows ils allocation to 1 of fund around 2 23bn
node_name: Gulf Petrodollar Retrocession Capital Paradox
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.artemis.bm/news/florida-retirement-system-pension-grows-ils-allocation-to-1-of-fund-around-2-23bn/


title: practiceguides.chambers.com: Trends and developments
node_name: China Climate Protection Gap Reinsurance Stress
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://practiceguides.chambers.com/practice-guides/insurance-reinsurance-2025/china/trends-and-developments


title: scmp.com: Hong kong appetite catastrophe bonds grows taiping re becomes sixth issuer
node_name: China Climate Protection Gap Reinsurance Stress
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.scmp.com/business/article/3293181/hong-kong-appetite-catastrophe-bonds-grows-taiping-re-becomes-sixth-issuer


title: preventionweb.net: China reinsurance domestic or global expansion both require risk modeling
node_name: China Climate Protection Gap Reinsurance Stress
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.preventionweb.net/news/china-reinsurance-domestic-or-global-expansion-both-require-risk-modeling


title: munichre.com: Natural disaster figures 2024
node_name: China Climate Protection Gap Reinsurance Stress
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.munichre.com/en/company/media-relations/media-information-and-corporate-news/media-information/2025/natural-disaster-figures-2024.html


node_name: Commercial Real Estate Private Credit Climate Insurance Convergence
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://cleantechnica.com/2025/03/08/the-great-american-insurance-retreat-climate-change-uninsurable-homes-the-future-of-real-estate/

title:
cleantechnica.com: The great american insurance retreat climate change uninsurable homes the future of real estate


node_name: Commercial Real Estate Private Credit Climate Insurance Convergence
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://origininvestments.com/is-private-credit-in-a-bubble-comparing-corporate-lending-and-real-estate-credit/

title:
origininvestments.com: Is private credit in a bubble comparing corporate lending and real estate credit


title: insurancebusinessmag.com: Asia leads world in uninsured natural disaster losses 557173
node_name: China Climate Insurance State Fiscal Absorption
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.insurancebusinessmag.com/asia/news/catastrophe/asia-leads-world-in-uninsured-natural-disaster-losses-557173.aspx


title: swissre.com: Natcat protection gap infographic
node_name: China Climate Insurance State Fiscal Absorption
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.swissre.com/risk-knowledge/mitigating-climate-risk/natcat-protection-gap-infographic.html


title: dataforprogress.org: New york voters want big oil to pay for the home insurance crisis
node_name: Insurance Crisis Pro-Climate Political Reversal
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.dataforprogress.org/blog/2026/3/30/new-york-voters-want-big-oil-to-pay-for-the-home-insurance-crisis


title: climateintegrity.org: New york bill would make big oil pay for the home insurance crisis
node_name: Insurance Crisis Pro-Climate Political Reversal
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://climateintegrity.org/news/view/new-york-bill-would-make-big-oil-pay-for-the-home-insurance-crisis


node_name: Insurance Crisis Pro-Climate Political Reversal
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.insurancefairnessproject.com/press/skyrocketing-premiums-shrinking-coverage-and-a-growing-demand-to-hold-big-oil-accountable

title:
insurancefairnessproject.com: Skyrocketing premiums shrinking coverage and a growing demand to hold big oil accountable


title: preventionweb.net: Risk resilience how states are approaching insurance and climate risk 2026
node_name: Insurance Market Managed Retreat Forcing Function
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.preventionweb.net/news/risk-resilience-how-states-are-approaching-insurance-and-climate-risk-2026


title: deloitte.com: Impact of climate change on commercial real estate insurance costs
node_name: CRE Climate Insurance NOI Cascade
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.deloitte.com/us/en/insights/industry/financial-services/impact-of-climate-change-on-commercial-real-estate-insurance-costs.html


title: alliancebernstein.com: Hidden dangers navigating climate risks in cmbs
node_name: CRE Climate Insurance NOI Cascade
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.alliancebernstein.com/corporate/en/insights/investment-insights/hidden-dangers-navigating-climate-risks-in-cmbs.html


title: opb.org: Is the pacific northwest ready for wave of climate migration
node_name: Climate Gentrification Displacement Trap
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.opb.org/article/2025/12/14/is-the-pacific-northwest-ready-for-wave-of-climate-migration/


node_name: ECB Climate Factor Monetary Policy Architecture
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.netzeroinvestor.net/news-and-views/climate-haircuts-the-ecbs-new-climate-factor-could-reshape-financial-sector-bond-portfolios

title:
netzeroinvestor.net: Climate haircuts the ecbs new climate factor could reshape financial sector bond portfolios


title: wwf.eu
node_name: ECB Climate Factor Monetary Policy Architecture
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.wwf.eu/?18766766%2FEuropean-Central-Bank-introduces-climate-factor-in-its-collateral-framework-in-new-landmark-measure=


title: greencentralbanking.com: Roundup ecb climate factor should spark shifts in risk models
node_name: ECB Climate Factor Monetary Policy Architecture
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://greencentralbanking.com/2025/09/09/roundup-ecb-climate-factor-should-spark-shifts-in-risk-models/


node_name: IAIS Global Insurance Climate Supervisory Gap
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.iais.org/2025/04/iais-publishes-comprehensive-application-paper-on-the-supervision-of-climate-related-risks-in-the-insurance-sector/

title:
iais.org: Iais publishes comprehensive application paper on the supervision of climate related risks in the insurance sector


title: greencentralbanking.com: Insurance regulators encouraged to manage climate change risk
node_name: IAIS Global Insurance Climate Supervisory Gap
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://greencentralbanking.com/2025/04/25/insurance-regulators-encouraged-to-manage-climate-change-risk/


node_name: IAIS Global Insurance Climate Supervisory Gap
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.iais.org/2024/12/iais-adopts-insurance-capital-standard-and-other-enhancements-to-its-global-standards-to-promote-a-resilient-insurance-sector/

title:
iais.org: Iais adopts insurance capital standard and other enhancements to its global standards to promote a resilient insurance sector


title: propertycasualty360.com: The insurance opportunity of the energy transition
node_name: Energy Transition Insurance Capacity Asymmetry
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.propertycasualty360.com/amp/2026/04/02/the-insurance-opportunity-of-the-energy-transition/


title: greencentralbanking.com: Insurance climate reprising new methods close asia protection gap
node_name: Asia-Pacific Catastrophe Underinsurance Structural Failure
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://greencentralbanking.com/2026/02/16/insurance-climate-reprising-new-methods-close-asia-protection-gap/


title: fao.org
node_name: Asia-Pacific Catastrophe Underinsurance Structural Failure
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.fao.org/asiapacific/news/news-detail/asia-pacific-turns-to-climate-finance-and-insurance-to-tackle-rising-loss-and-damage-in-agrifood-systems/en


title: insurancebusinessmag.com: India explores nationwide insurance for climate disaster risks 552191
node_name: Asia-Pacific Catastrophe Underinsurance Structural Failure
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.insurancebusinessmag.com/asia/news/catastrophe/india-explores-nationwide-insurance-for-climate-disaster-risks-552191.aspx


title: ieefa.org: Actions unlock adaptation financing can shield southeast asia climate shocks
node_name: Asia-Pacific Catastrophe Underinsurance Structural Failure
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://ieefa.org/articles/actions-unlock-adaptation-financing-can-shield-southeast-asia-climate-shocks


title: nationalmortgageprofessional.com: Congress ends partial shutdown extends nfip through 2026
node_name: Public Backstop Simultaneous Exhaustion Cliff
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://nationalmortgageprofessional.com/news/congress-ends-partial-shutdown-extends-nfip-through-2026


node_name: Public Backstop Simultaneous Exhaustion Cliff
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.insurancebusinessmag.com/us/news/property/academics-propose-a-federal-backstop-for-the-homeowners-insurance-crisis-569148.aspx

title:
insurancebusinessmag.com: Academics propose a federal backstop for the homeowners insurance crisis 569148


title: insurancebusinessmag.com: Fsoc raises alarm on insurers use of offshore reinsurance 527931
node_name: Bermuda Triangle PE Insurance Climate Compounding Risk
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.insurancebusinessmag.com/reinsurance/news/breaking-news/fsoc-raises-alarm-on-insurers-use-of-offshore-reinsurance-527931.aspx


title: ifrs.org: Progress climate related disclosures 2024
node_name: Climate Disclosure-Capital Adequacy Structural Decoupling
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.ifrs.org/content/dam/ifrs/supporting-implementation/issb-standards/progress-climate-related-disclosures-2024.pdf


title: eco-business.com: Will china follow leading global insurers and withdraw from coal power
node_name: China Dual Insurance Paradox
created_at: 2026-04-18 21:56:05
url:
https://www.eco-business.com/news/will-china-follow-leading-global-insurers-and-withdraw-from-coal-power/


